The plantation of pistachio trees should be carried out 20 feet apart. This action would minimize overcrowding in that overcrowding of trees will reduce the quality and quantity of products and also makes it difficult during pruning and harvesting (NMSU, 2017). Since the trees rely on wind pollination, the ratio of male trees and female trees is 1 male to 15 females. Moreover, it is recommended that these trees should be planted in fertile soils (NMSU, 2017). Some producers use a square system to plant these trees while other farmers apply a triangular planting system also referred to as the hexagonal planting system. Farmers are also advised to apply a rectangular system (NMSU, 2017). The application of a triangular system enables 15 percent more trees planted per acre while maintaining space between the trees (NMSU, 2017). Other farmers also plant filler trees in places where land used for agriculture is expensive.
The steps include:
According to 2020 data, the United States was the top pistachio exporter with an export value of USD 1,409,709K and represented 53.7% of export value worldwide. This was followed by Iran with an export value of USD 675,035K (25.7%), Germany (4.6%) with an export value of USD 120,764K, Hong Kong (2.3%) with an export value of USD 92,904K, and the UAE (2.8%) with an export value of USD 74,581K.
.According to 2019 data, Iran was the top pistachio producer with a production volume of 337.82K MT accounting for 37% of the total world production. This was followed by the United States with a production volume of 335.66K MT (36.8%), while China (%) was third with a production volume of 106.16K MT, Turkey (9.3%) fourth with a production volume of 85K MT, and Syria (3.5%) with a production volume of 31.81K MT
The Pistacia genus has 11 species. Some of the species play an important role in vegetation in the Mediterranean and Asian regions. While the Kerman variety accounts for about 99 percent of all pistachio production in California (AGROSTRAT, 2019). Here are some common varieties of pistachios:
Sources:
Pistachio Nut, Pistachia Vera / Anacardiaceae
Pistachios develop in early summer and ripen in late August or September nearly everywhere in the world, with the exception of Australia. In that case, pistachio harvesting generally takes place in February. It’s easy to tell when the pistachio harvest season is getting closer because the hulls lose their green hue and take on a reddish-yellow tint.
The storing methods for pistachio are basically divided as follows:
Shelled
In-Shell
In general, there are three different ways for pistachio packaging practiced in Turkey:
In the United States, the following methods are recommended:
The container that would be used to pack these nuts should be made from natural materials.
Suppose to avoid different colors in storing the nuts.
The container that is used to pack this product should be labeled such as the product name, nationality, brand, size, and weight should be outlined (Tavakolipour, 2015). It is illegal to apply a chemical storing technique the mixed containers.
Some export processes information to export the pistachios:
CHINA
(Quote)
(Contract)
(Payment terms)
(Stocking)
(Packaging)
(Customs clearance)
- Export commodities subject to statutory inspection.
- Others
(Shipment)
(Transportation insurance)
(Bill of Lading, B/L)
(Settlement)
UNITED STATES
TURKEY
The key certificates for pistachio include:
*Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) are the methods of achieving sustainable development in agricultural practices. GAP measures food safety, protecting the environment and soil, and the health, safety, and welfare of cultivators and agricultural workers.
The factors that determine pistachio quality include:
Here are some related trade agreements information for pistachios:
China
China's free trade agreement (FTA)
Currently in discussion
China’s Free Trade Agreement
United States
Turkey