The China-Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA) has not been able to protect Australia's grains industry as China keeps on raising import tariffs on barley and sorghum. Recently, China imposed small yet symbolic import tariff on Australian barley and sorghum. The products were previously exempted from duties under the 2015 free trade agreement (FTA). The imposition was as small as 2% import tax on sorghum and 3% duty on barley is unlikely to materially impact sales to China.