Classification
Product TypeRaw Material
Product FormDried (shelled)
Industry PositionPrimary Agricultural Product
Raw Material
Market
In Türkiye, dried kidney/white pea beans (HS 071333) are a domestically produced pulse that is also actively traded, with imports and exports of similar magnitude in 2023. Import supply is led by Egypt and Argentina, while exports are concentrated to Iraq, indicating a strong regional trade/distribution role. Domestic dry bean production is concentrated in major producing provinces such as Konya and Erzincan; a 2023 Konya-focused study reported Konya held about 16.14% of national dry bean area and 18.7% of production in its referenced context. Market access is shaped by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry plant quarantine controls (phytosanitary documentation and inspections) and by Turkish Food Codex pesticide MRL compliance for both domestic and imported lots. A major systemic risk for supply reliability is meteorological drought across much of the country, including Central Anatolia, which can disrupt yields and procurement costs.
Market RoleDomestic producer and two-way trader (significant imports for supply and exports to regional markets)
Domestic RoleWidely consumed pulse in Türkiye with established domestic production and distribution; procurement is supplemented by imports when needed
SeasonalitySowing windows vary materially by region (Mediterranean earlier; Central/Eastern regions later). Harvest timing varies by province and variety, generally occurring in late summer to autumn for dry beans.
Specification
Physical Attributes- Codex STAN 171-1989 highlights that pulses should be safe and suitable for consumption and free from abnormal flavours/odours, living insects, and filth at hazardous levels.
- Codex STAN 171-1989 notes an extraneous matter limit (e.g., mineral/organic matter such as dust, twigs, seedcoats) of not more than 1%.
Grades- Codex STAN 171-1989 (Certain Pulses) provides baseline international quality factors often used as reference points in trade specifications.
Packaging- Codex guidance for pulses emphasizes packaging that safeguards hygienic, technological, nutritional and organoleptic quality during handling and trade.
Supply Chain
Value Chain- Domestic flow: harvest and drying → cleaning/sorting → bagging/packaging → wholesale and retail distribution
- Import flow under plant quarantine control: importer application → submission of phytosanitary certificate and commercial/transport documents → official control/inspection and (if required) laboratory analyses → release to domestic distribution
Freight IntensityMedium
Transport ModeMultimodal
Risks
Climate HighWidespread meteorological drought across Türkiye (including Central Anatolia) can materially disrupt dry bean output and procurement costs, creating contract-fulfillment and price-volatility risk for red kidney beans/dry beans marketed under HS 071333.Diversify sourcing across provinces and import origins; build buffer stocks before peak drought risk periods; include drought-index or force-majeure clauses tied to official meteorological drought assessments.
Regulatory Compliance MediumImport clearance for plant products depends on correct phytosanitary documentation and completion of the Ministry’s import-control steps; document gaps or non-conformity can trigger delays, re-inspection, or rejection.Align shipment documents to the Ministry’s import checklist (phytosanitary certificate, transport document, invoice, entry application); pre-notify the directorate and ensure importer registration is current.
Food Safety MediumNon-compliance with Turkish Food Codex pesticide MRL requirements for legumes can lead to enforcement actions at border or in-market controls, disrupting sales and increasing testing/segregation costs.Implement residue monitoring plans with accredited laboratories; require supplier spray records and pre-shipment residue screening aligned to Türkiye’s MRL regime.
Logistics MediumTürkiye’s kidney bean supply relies on both overseas imports and regional exports; disruptions in sea freight capacity/prices or overland border logistics (notably for Iraq-bound flows) can cause shipment delays and margin compression.Use multimodal routing options; contract forward capacity for peak periods; maintain alternative buyers/ports and flexible delivery windows for high-concentration destinations.
Sustainability- Meteorological drought risk (including Central Anatolia and other regions) can reduce yields, increase irrigation stress, and drive supply-price volatility for dry beans.
- Water-resource stress in key agricultural regions increases exposure to production shocks during multi-month drought periods.
FAQ
Is Türkiye mainly an importer or an exporter of dried kidney beans (HS 071333)?Türkiye is a two-way trader. In 2023, it imported about US$120.8 million of HS 071333 and exported about US$106.5 million, so trade flows are broadly balanced with imports slightly higher.
Who are Türkiye’s main suppliers of dried kidney beans (HS 071333)?In 2023, Türkiye’s largest suppliers for HS 071333 were Egypt and Argentina, followed by the United States, Canada, and the Kyrgyz Republic.
What documents are typically required to import dried beans as a plant product into Türkiye?Import control procedures reference an entry application to the relevant directorate and submission of the original phytosanitary certificate (or re-export phytosanitary certificate), along with a transport document declared to customs and a copy of the invoice.