Coffee and pepper prices in Vietnam are fluctuating between 39,900 - 40,500 VND/kg and 59,500 - 63,000 VND/kg respectively. The global coffee market has seen a decrease in prices, but Middle Eastern cultural shifts have led to a doubling of global coffee consumption, with the market expected to grow at an annual rate of 5.5%. The UAE is becoming a major coffee trading center in the Middle East. Meanwhile, increased year-end demand has led to a sharp increase in pepper prices in Vietnam, but domestic traders are trying to exit before the new crop begins. Chinese traders and major Vietnamese pepper exporters are waiting for prices to go down before exporting to China.