A severe outbreak of bird flu, caused by the H5N1 strain of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, has been confirmed at a turkey farm in Arbeca, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, marking the first such case in the region since 2017 and the first in the country in 2023. This outbreak occurs amidst a broader epidemic that has affected Spain and neighboring countries, with 37 foci detected on Spanish farms in 2022 and 99 cases in various European autonomous communities during the 2022-2023 season, including 1 case in captive birds in Castilla-La Mancha. The Catalan Poultry Federation has expressed concern over the potential risks to farms posed by the heightened incidence of avian flu in Europe and global uncertainties, underscoring the need for vigilance and preparation to mitigate the impact on the agricultural sector.