The international grain markets have experienced significant volatility due to speculative activities in Chicago and Paris stock exchanges, driven by climatic factors and revised production forecasts. Initially, prices were trending downward due to expected increased yields and optimistic production forecasts from key producer countries. However, this trend was interrupted by unexpected developments, including disappointing harvest forecasts in the United States, failure of hoped-for warmer and drier weather in Europe, and significant reductions in wheat production and export estimates from Russia. These factors, coupled with continued demand from large buyers, have led to a sharp increase in wheat prices, reaching a high of $260-265/t for 12.5% protein grain in the Black Sea region.