Ireland is the largest supplier of beef to the UK, with 90% of the value of Irish beef exports going to the EU and UK marketplace. In 2022, Irish cattle throughputs were up 7% year-on-year at 1.82 million head, with demand for Irish beef supporting prices, which averaged £4.06/kg due to tight supplies in the UK and EU. Bord Bia forecasts a 3-4% decrease in Irish cattle throughputs in 2023, with high input costs and potential recovery later in the year. Global tight supplies are expected to keep prices historically high, with average finished cattle prices in Ireland predicted to rise 4% year-on-year in 2023. Irish beef exports to the UK and major European countries saw growth in 2022, and the suspension of exports of frozen, boneless beef to China could increase export opportunities for Irish beef.