The article explains the factors that led to the rise in lettuce prices in Australian supermarkets in 2022, including drought, labor and supply shortages, flooding, and the Russia-Ukraine war's impact on fertilizer exports. Despite the prices returning to $2, planning expert Tamara Prentice from the NSW Department of Primary Industries has called the situation a wake-up call for the future of Australian food production. Prentice emphasizes the need to address urban sprawl, as lettuce and other leafy greens are typically grown in areas around towns due to their perishable nature. She also highlights the potential conflict between agricultural and horticultural development and residential expectations in rural areas, advocating for clearer planning frameworks to manage these conflicts.