The Director General of the National Union of Milk Producers in Russia, Artem Belov, has appealed to the Ministry of Agriculture, seeking a reduction in import duties on Russian dairy products in China. This move aims to enhance Russia's export competitiveness, particularly in products such as butter, cheese, whey, and milk powder. In 2020, Russia witnessed a 23.7% increase in dairy exports, totaling 871.8 thousand tons, with China's imports surging by 36%. Despite the growth, the industry faces challenges due to high customs duties on products from Russia compared to those from New Zealand and Australia. Belov's proposal includes significant investments for the modernization of dairy processing facilities, seeking to boost exports and increase the tax base in the long term. Additionally, the article highlights the dependence on imported raw materials for baby food and emphasizes the need for continued support for the production of raw materials to enhance Russia's competitive position in the Chinese market.