In northern Argentina, papaya crops are under threat from the meleira and new papaya virus X, as confirmed by INTA and Conicet researchers in Salta and Jujuy. These viruses, which can be spread mechanically, cause symptoms such as leaf spots and latex on fruits, potentially reducing quality and profitability. The situation alerts producers to the need for preventive measures like tool disinfection, creating barrier plants, and regular symptom monitoring. These practices are crucial to contain the virus and support the growth of the papaya industry, which is expanding due to increased global demand, particularly in the United States. The research aims to develop effective control strategies not only for Argentina but also for other countries combating these viral complexes in papaya crops.