Sugarcane wilting syndrome is causing significant reductions in cane productivity and extractable sugar for Brazilian farmers, with losses of more than 25% in some fields. The disease is caused by a complex of pathogens, including Colletotrichum falcatum, Phaeocytostroma sacchari, and Fusarium spp., and is spreading to multiple producing regions. Scientists are currently working on genetic improvement of the crop and advising farmers to cut their sugarcane in advance as the only effective measure against the disease.