In the first half of 2024, Vietnam emerged as the world's leading pepper exporter, with a total export volume of 142,586 tons and a value of US$634.2 million, predominantly to the United States. Black pepper made up the lion's share of exports, contributing US$539.9 million, while white pepper brought in US$94.3 million. The export markets for white pepper included Germany, the United States, and the Netherlands, among others. Additionally, Vietnam imported 18,002 tons of peppers, primarily from Brazil, Cambodia, and Indonesia, at a total import value of US$69.6 million. The global pepper market is currently experiencing a price surge due to reduced production caused by the El Nino phenomenon and a decrease in planting areas, coupled with growing demand in major markets like Europe, the United States, and China.