Portugal has detected Xylella fastidiosa bacteria in two rosemary plants, prompting authorities to set up testing zones and buffer areas to prevent the spread of the disease. The source of infection is still unknown, but concerns have been raised about the meadow spittlebug, a primary vector of the olive tree pathogen. This marks Portugal's second case of the bacteria, following a 2018 outbreak in lavender plants, and efforts are being made to prevent it from affecting olive groves, as seen in other European countries.