Varietal Development Technology Will Drive the Blueberry Global Market

The development of varietal technology and the utilization of hydroponics are two key factors contributing to the growth and success of the blueberry industry. These advancements have revolutionized how blueberries are cultivated, leading to increased yields, improved quality, extended growing seasons, and expanded market opportunities.

According to the advisory firm Blueberry Consulting, the projections are that by 2030 blueberry production will exceed 3 million tons, a scenario in which consumption will grow 20% in North America, 70% in the European region, and 150% in China. This projected demand forces blueberry growers to extend the area planted and increase yields so technology, new genetics, and knowledge are essential to face accelerated consumption.

Varietal technology focuses on breeding blueberry cultivars with desirable traits, such as high yield, disease resistance, and flavor. This has led to the development of new hybrids tailored to specific growing regions and market preferences. The introduction of early and late-season varieties has extended the harvest window, allowing growers to meet consumer demand and enhance profitability. Additionally, improved post-harvest handling characteristics have facilitated international trade.

Hydroponics, a soilless cultivation method, has also played a vital role in the blueberry industry. Hydroponics optimizes plant growth by providing precise control over environmental factors, resulting in higher yields and improved fruit quality. It allows for efficient water usage by recycling nutrient solutions, reduces space requirements, and enables year-round production in controlled environments. Hydroponics eliminates the risk of soil-borne diseases, reduces reliance on pesticides, and promotes sustainable practices. The premium quality of hydroponically grown blueberries, characterized by enhanced flavor and appearance, satisfies consumer preferences and increases market value.

Peru, Morocco, and China are some of the main blueberry-producing countries that have invested the most in varietal technology and hydroponics. For instance, one factor that has contributed to the impressive growth in blueberry production in Peru has been the evolution of new varieties since 2016. Seven years ago, there were 13 blueberry varieties registered, with the Biloxi variety accounting for nearly 60% of all crops in the country. By the end of 2022, there were 65 blueberry varieties registered, with Biloxi’s share dropping to 25% share, being surpassed by Ventura with 32%.

Blueberry production growth in Peru was exponential, with around 30% growth in the past years. Peru exceeded 287 thousand mt in the last season, and projections for the 2023/24 season are to reach over 338 thousand mt. However, the dedicated planted area for blueberries has been decreasing while varietal change and production systems are increasing.

Morocco is another relevant player in the global blueberry market due to its strategic position with respect to the European, Asian, and Eastern markets. Alongside its geographic position, Morocco is making solid investments in blueberry cultivation, following Peru’s example. Morocco aims to be an important player in the industry in the immediate future by achieving more significant participation in the world blueberry market. To achieve this goal, the country has adopted modern management systems, abundant offerings of new plant genetics, proper management of nutrition, and many postharvest-related practices. Moroccan blueberry cultivation has grown to more than 4 thousand hectares, producing over 60 thousand mt.

China is also investing in domestic production, and the acreages under modern plantations of blueberries are increasing exponentially. The country has adopted new varieties and is on the path of developing its own hybrid varieties to adapt them to their market requirements.