The UK government has frozen alcohol duty until 2025, a decision that has been met with mixed reactions from the industry. While the freeze has been generally welcomed, concerns have been raised about the end of wine easement and new taxation rules from 2025. The pub industry is also facing a £450m increase in wage costs and business rates, with 500-600 pubs expected to close this year. Despite a 2p cut in National Insurance contributions, the lack of direct support for pubs and independent breweries in the Spring Budget has been criticised.