A new UN Environment Programme assessment discusses the potential impact of plant-based meat, cultivated meat from animal cells, and protein-rich products derived from rapid fermentation. The report emphasizes the environmental benefits of these alternatives, including a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation, deforestation, and water and soil pollution. The authors also address the need for government support, open and transparent research, policy considerations, and a shift away from unsustainably high levels of animal protein consumption.