The Public Prosecution Service of Canada will not prosecute First Nations members for catching elvers, or young eels, without a licence, leading to overfishing and violence in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. This has also resulted in an increase in non-aboriginal poaching, causing the fisheries minister to shut down the season in 2020 and 2023. Despite this, illegal catching and exporting of elvers to China continues, raising concerns about the sustainability of the species. Fisheries and Oceans Canada is now reviewing the management of the elver fishery to support the conservation of the American eel.