The article highlights the significance of animal husbandry and advancements in animal keeping methods, focusing on Hojat Asadollah Pournanai's postdoctoral project on the genomic survey of indigenous Iranian sheep. Funded by the National Science Foundation of Iran, the project aims to identify genes related to production traits and environmental adaptation through next-generation sequencing. Pournanai underscores the value of native breeds as national assets and the importance of molecular genetics in understanding genetic diversity. This research enhances the knowledge of the genetic structure of Iranian sheep, aiding in their genetic protection and utilization.