A study by the University of Delaware has challenged the notion of 'underfishing' in U.S. waters, suggesting that economic factors and other laws, not the Magnuson-Stevens Act, are the primary reasons for certain fish species being underfished. The research, which analyzed two decades of data on 170 U.S. fish stocks, discovered that economics and policies, including the Marine Mammal Protection Act and the Pacific Halibut Treaty, play a significant role in the underutilization of fish stocks. The authors, including Kimberly Oremus and Eyal Frank, emphasized the need for a nuanced approach to fisheries management, away from blameing the Magnuson-Stevens Act for underfishing. They also underscored the importance of science-based fisheries laws to conserve fish stocks amidst environmental and overfishing concerns.