Spring frosts and hail have caused significant damage to pear and apple crops in Russia and Belarus, with some regions experiencing up to 70% loss and an overall production decrease of 30-35%. The quality of the remaining fruits has also been affected. This is expected to result in record high apple prices in both countries by spring next year. Due to restrictions on imports from the European Union, Moldova, and Ukraine, Russia may have to import apples through expensive schemes involving Belarus and Kazakhstan. There are also difficulties in importing apples from Turkey, Iran, and Azerbaijan due to quality and logistical issues.