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History

Coffee was introduced to Italy in the 16th century through Venetian trade routes. Industrial roasting emerged in the early 20th century, with brands like Illy (Trieste, 1933) and Lavazza (Turin, 1895) leading the way. Italy pioneered the espresso machine and developed the now-standardized espresso roast style. The coffee bar culture became a national institution and shaped Italian roasting profiles.

Roasting Hubs

• Trieste: Historic center for coffee trade and roasting, home to Illy and major import operations.
• Turin: Headquarters of Lavazza and other large-scale roasters.
• Milan, Naples, Florence, Bologna: Important for artisanal, regional, and specialty roasters.

Sourcing Origins

Italy imports green coffee from a wide range of countries, prioritizing consistency, balance, and body. Robusta is commonly blended with Arabica to create the desired espresso characteristics.

Processing & Roasting

• Roast Style: Traditionally dark or medium-dark; low acidity and high body are typical.
• Methods: Drum roasting dominates; slow roasting used to preserve body and aroma.
• Packaging: Vacuum-sealed bricks, nitrogen-flushed bags, metal tins, and capsules.

Supply Chain & Export

• Italy imports green beans, roasts domestically, and exports roasted coffee globally.
• Major brands dominate exports, but small artisan roasters also serve niche markets.

Quality Standards

• Moisture Content (Roasted): 1.5–2.5%
• Focus: Full-bodied flavor, low acidity, dense crema for espresso
• Flavor Notes: Chocolate, toasted nuts, mild spice, and caramel tones

Trade Terms

• HS Code: 090122
• Exports (2023 est.): 80,000–90,000 MT roasted coffee
• Top Markets: Germany, France, USA, UK, Spain, Eastern Europe
• Formats: Ground espresso, whole bean, pods (Nespresso-compatible, ESE, Lavazza)

Environmental & Social Aspects

• Large roasters increasingly adopting sustainability sourcing standards (Rainforest, Organic, Fair Trade)
• Use of recyclable packaging and low-emission roasting systems
• Education and support programs for producers via long-term supplier partnerships

Uses

• Espresso-based drinks: Primary focus; roasted beans tailored to deliver crema and body
• Home brewing: Strong domestic market for moka pot and capsule systems
• Horeca: Roasted beans widely used in cafés, bars, and restaurants 
• Private label: Italian-roasted blends sold under international supermarket brands