In 2023, Afghanistan emerged as the largest importer of Russian flour, doubling its purchases from the previous year, with estimates showing a purchase of nearly $80 million worth of flour. This surge in imports comes as Russia aims to strengthen ties with the Taliban rulers of Afghanistan, with plans to remove the Taliban from the list of terrorist organizations. The total wheat and wheat-rye flour exports from Russia reached $300 million, an increase of 3% in value and 7% in volume from the previous year, with China and Turkmenistan being the other significant buyers.