In December, Australia saw a record export of its three major crops - wheat, canola, and barley - following a bumper harvest, with wheat and canola making up 88% of the country's 4 million ton monthly agricultural export capacity. Wheat exports to China reached a record high of 2.7 million tons, with demand expected to persist due to low domestic crop yields, while canola exports tripled to 884,000 tons, primarily to the EU. However, barley exports, while hitting a monthly high of 1.08 million tons, may not be able to maintain this pace due to factors like China's import duty on barley, cheap feed-grade wheat, and the rise of canola as a cash crop. Despite these challenges, Saudi Arabia has emerged as a growing market for Australian barley. The US Department of Agriculture has increased its export estimates for Australia's wheat and barley.