Beef cattle prices and labour shortages have been major contributing factors in the decline of milk production in Australia over the past 3 years, but a rebuild in the beef herd, improved labour availability, and weaker beef cattle prices have stifled the incentive for dairy farmers to transition to beef cattle farming. Strong farmgate milk prices are expected to continue in 2024, fuelled by a growing number of domestic processors vying for a diminishing milk pool, with Australia consuming 65% of its production domestically. This reliance on domestic consumption and the ability to pass higher costs to domestic wholesalers has intensified competition for milk supply and led to farm-gate milk prices this season surpassing initial projections.