The article highlights the success of the National Project of Anatolian Buffalo Breeding in Public Hands, which was initiated in 2011 in five districts of Samsun, Turkey, and expanded from Bafra, Çarşamba, and 19 Mayıs districts to include Vezirköprü in 2013. The project, a collaboration between the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Forestry, OMÜ, and the Buffalo Breeders Association, aims to revive and enhance Anatolian buffalo breeding through pure breeding and selection methods, and to provide practical training for sustainable breeding systems. The results have shown significant improvements in milk yield and buffalo weights, alongside increased awareness and demand for buffalo products. The project has also been supported financially, with increasing amounts allocated annually, highlighting the growing importance of buffalo breeding for local farmers.