The article provides an overview of the state of citrus cultivation in Italy, particularly in Basilicata, highlighting a decade-long decline in cultivation areas by 16%. The reduction in planting areas affects various citrus fruits and is attributed to several factors including outdated varieties, phytosanitary issues, high labor and technical costs, and the lack of support from Community agricultural policies. The small average farm size of 2.5 hectares hinders economic efficiency. Despite these challenges, the sector has seen a rise in production, attributed to young plants, varietal innovations, and new investment strategies. The article also points out that the sector's profitability could improve if production was adjusted seasonally and prices increased. The discussion was contextualized within the 'XXIV Day of Citrus Growing' event organized by Alsia Basilicata, focusing on economic and commercial aspects, and exploring new varieties and rootstocks to enhance profitability.