The article discusses the implementation of emergency trade measures to protect the European Union's agricultural market from surges in imports, particularly focusing on Ukraine and its exports of oats, eggs, sugar, and other commodities. On June 6, the EU implemented emergency brakes on Ukrainian oat imports, reintroducing tariff quotas and shifting to most-favored nation duties for 2024 due to import volumes exceeding expected thresholds. Similar situations with eggs and sugar are expected to trigger these measures, while for poultry, honey, corn, and groats, the thresholds have been reached or nearly reached, raising concerns about the effectiveness of these safeguards in addressing market imbalances and ensuring fair competition. The article highlights the challenges of balancing open markets with protecting EU agricultural sectors, particularly in light of significant production cost disparities.