An international research team, led by the University of Massachusetts Amherst, is working to conserve and improve nine varieties of pumpkins grown in central and northeastern Egypt by studying their biochemical and molecular variations. This research is crucial for food security as it aims to identify and conserve pumpkin cultivars that are well-suited for local environments, potentially replacing commercial seeds that are not adapted to local conditions and exacerbate food insecurity. The research involves collecting seeds, analyzing their nutritional value, and using genetic markers to identify each variety uniquely. This collaboration between small farmers, Egyptian institutions, and international researchers is seen as a model for integrating local knowledge and resources to address global food security challenges.