The article highlights the contrasting challenges and responses in the olive oil industries of Greece and Italy. Greece is grappling with the illegal trade of bulk olive oil, which threatens to devalue its olive cultivation. Meanwhile, Italy is addressing the issue of abandoned olive groves, considered both an environmental and economic crisis, by implementing legislative measures. These include tax incentives and land management programs aimed at restoring these groves to boost productivity, preserve biodiversity, and enhance tourism. The Italian initiative is widely supported within the olive sector, underscoring the need to revitalize neglected lands and bolster active agricultural enterprises.