Canada and Russia are emerging as potential agricultural powerhouses due to climate change, with Canada expected to expand its agricultural area by 4.2 million square kilometers by 2080 and Russia increasing food production for self-sufficiency and export. However, the expansion could lead to significant environmental and social issues, including water quality and biodiversity loss, and the release of greenhouse gases. Researchers suggest the need for well-designed policies to mitigate these impacts. The article also mentions the political motivations behind the expansion and the positive effects of climate change on agricultural growth, despite the potential environmental concerns.