The lemon harvest in South Africa is expected to increase by 10% in 2023/24, while the mandarin harvest is expected to increase by 4%. However, grapefruit and orange harvests are expected to decline by 5% and 1% respectively due to a reduction in planted area. Despite stronger demand from export markets, the citrus industry in South Africa is facing challenges such as inefficient port operations, deteriorating transportation infrastructure, and ongoing pest and disease concerns.