The article highlights the efforts of the Tanzanian government to sustain its fisheries resources and enhance social welfare through various plans and strategies, including combating illegal fishing. Despite these efforts, illegal fishing has threatened the sustainability of fish species in Lake Victoria, with the Nile perch population decreasing by 50% in a year. In response, Prime Minister Kassim Majaliwa called for increased responsibility and cooperation among stakeholders to eradicate non-compliant fishing. The government has also allocated 110bn/- for the development of the fisheries sector and is implementing a comprehensive Fisheries Sector Plan to manage and protect fisheries resources. Despite these initiatives, the sector faces challenges, including illegal fishing and lack of security for fishermen. The article also discusses the economic contribution of the fisheries sector to Tanzania.