Tracing the history of farming across Africa gives clues to low production outputs

The article highlights the challenges facing agricultural performance in sub-Saharan Africa, which has led to food insecurity for 30% of the population. The issues are attributed to both the natural environment and historical interferences during colonial and post-independence periods. Before colonialism, Africa's agriculture was diverse and self-sufficient, but under colonial rule, farmers were forced to prioritize export commodities, leading to food shortages and the persistence of this issue today.

Post-independence, the article identifies four key factors that have hindered agricultural development: external control of systems, suppression of local self-organization, unaccountable borrowing for non-productive assets, and a reduction in commodity diversity. It advocates for a shift in focus towards meeting Africa's needs, improving infrastructure and institutions, challenging barriers to independent decision-making, and redirecting research funding to benefit the continent. The article underscores the importance of local farmers responding to local demands and investing proceeds from exports in rural economic development.