Australia's cattle population has reached its highest level since 2014, with 28.8 million cattle, and is projected to rise to its highest level since the 1970s, by 4.5%, to 29.6 million by 2025, due to strong reproductive characteristics, genetic improvements, and rational livestock management. Total beef production in 2023 is expected to rise to 2.087 million tons, and beef exports to 1.49 million tons.