Brazil is a major producer of agricultural commodities and is expected to lead in grain exports in the next five years, with its agricultural production feeding approximately 800 million people per year. However, the country depends heavily on imports of wheat, despite efforts to expand production. Factors contributing to the dependence on imports include the uncompetitiveness of cereal prices, Mercosur agreements, and climatic variations. However, advances in wheat production technology and expansion in cultivation areas offer hope for reducing import dependence. The quality of Brazilian flour for baking is also a concern, with only 30% of national cereal meeting bakery standards. But with new cultivars and technologies, there is potential to increase domestic production and improve quality.