Vietnam, the world's leading exporter of cashews, has faced challenges in 2023 due to Decree 15/2018/ND-CP, which forbids businesses from transferring cashews imported from Africa for domestic consumption when export difficulties arise. This decree, aimed at ensuring food safety, has led to significant issues as Africa is not on Vietnam's list of countries allowed to export food plant origin to Vietnam, preventing businesses from domestic consumption of these cashews and potentially leading to smuggling. The decree's enforcement has caused financial and operational problems for businesses, with some facing prosecution for non-compliance. The Binh Phuoc Customs Department has highlighted the dilemma and suggested a solution to ease the restrictions on cashew businesses to prevent unlawful activities.