The article highlights the potential of hazelnut farming in Moldova, pointing out that with the right investments in new, productive varieties, it could become the most profitable nut crop. Despite currently holding the third spot in terms of plantation area and production, the industry has the potential to flourish, with high export prices to Italy and the possibility of attracting donor funding for plantations. However, the industry faces challenges such as competition from other countries, a decline in global hazelnut trade, and the need to improve product quality, especially with half of the plantings being outdated and inefficient.