Cattle inventories are at a 50-year low and are expected to decline further due to drought-related hay shortages, leading to higher beef prices. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reported a 3% decrease in the total cattle count since the previous year, with beef cattle numbers at their lowest since 1962. Despite these challenges, consumer spending on beef has remained strong. The article also emphasizes the importance of vaccinations and castration for calves to improve their sales price.