India is experiencing a significant increase in milk prices, which is nearing a record high due to a combination of factors including a rare disease affecting cows, reduced market-ready cattle stock, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The price of milk has risen by over 15% in the past year, contributing to concerns about retail inflation. The country's milk production is expected to grow by only 1% in the fiscal year ending in March 2023, falling short of the average growth rate of 5.6% over the past decade. This situation is further aggravated by a 39% surge in dairy product exports in 2022, which has led to a decrease in domestic inventories of butter and skimmed milk powder. The government is contemplating the possibility of importing duty-free skimmed milk powder and butter to alleviate the high prices and market pressure.