A case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or mad cow disease) has been discovered in a dead cow on a Dutch farm, but it did not enter the human food chain and does not pose a food safety threat, according to the country's agriculture minister, Piet Adema. The exact type of the disease is being studied by experts. The European Union has strict regulations in place to prevent BSE, including a ban on animal protein in feed for food-produced animals, a monitoring system, and mandatory destruction of the carcass after a positive case. The disease can cause behavioral changes, coordination problems, and weight loss in affected animals.