The European Union (EU) is the leading region in milk production and has a significant presence in the global dairy market, despite potential challenges in markets like the USA and China. Italy, currently the fifth-largest milk producer in Europe, is seeing an increase in its milk price due to its high-quality milk and is experiencing growth in the turnover of products like butter and skimmed milk powder in non-European exports. However, cheese, especially products like Grana Padano and Parmigiano Reggiano, is the primary focus in Italy. The European Union is working towards a Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) that provides financial and sustainability benefits for those in the sector and is looking towards an agricultural commission focused on investment in the next five years.