A recall of products containing sesame seeds from India has been initiated across Europe due to the presence of the unauthorized substance, ethylene oxide. The substance, which is a genotoxic carcinogen, was first detected in Belgium and the recall now affects nearly 20 countries. The products recalled include bread and bagels, and supermarket chains in the affected countries have removed the contaminated items from shelves. Although the use of ethylene oxide is prohibited as a plant protection product in the EU, its use as a biocidal product is permitted for certain items. The proposal of maximum residue limits for ethylene oxide on dried vegetables and sesame seeds in Canada highlights the ongoing controversy surrounding the use of this substance in food products.