The article highlights the diverse history and development of rice breeding in Taiwan, with a focus on the evolution of breeding goals and strategies over the past century. Starting from the early days of artificial breeding, the article explores the efforts to adapt to different climates and environmental conditions, leading to a wide variety of rice types and qualities. It also discusses the pivotal shift in breeding objectives from yield to quality in the late 20th century, driven by changes in climate, pests, and consumer preferences. The article also delves into the challenges and advancements in rice hybridization and the differences between hybrid and conventional rice breeding. Additionally, it mentions the naming and promotion of popular rice varieties, such as Taijing No. 9, and the role of high-quality rice in Taiwan's agricultural market.