Brazil's most populous state, São Paulo, is set to be exempted from the mandatory vaccination for fever aftosa, also known as cowpox, according to a notice from the Ministrio da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA). This exemption comes after advances in the PNEFA program, with support from the Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura e Abastecimento (SAA-SP) and the Federação da Agricultura e Pecuária do Estado de São Paulo (FAESP). São Paulo is currently in a process to advance to 'free from fever aftosa without vaccination' status, replacing vaccination with other surveillance measures, as part of a strategic plan by MAPA. The state is currently in a group with other states in Brazil, collectively working towards this goal. The transition may involve continuing vaccinations in 2023, with further evaluations planned by the Department of Animal Health, reflecting a significant achievement in Brazilian livestock health and trade practices.