Walnut production is dominantly concentrated in China and California, accounting for approximately 90% of the worldwide total. Since 2000, walnut production has experienced significant growth, peaking in 2023 with a record 2.9 billion kilos. However, a decrease in production is anticipated for 2024, with the U.S. seeing a substantial drop from 671 million kilos to an estimated 550 million kilos. This decline is a result of reduced planting in major walnut-producing countries like California, Chile, and China. The reduction in supply, coupled with high quality production, has led to a surge in walnut prices, with the cost per kilo rising to USD 3.00 or more. Vittorio Bianchini, a walnut consultant, stresses the importance of maintaining high quality in walnut production to remain competitive in the market.