Tilapia aquaculture has seen a significant increase globally, with the species being farmed in 140 countries and being the second most productive fish. Despite concerns about its environmental impact, particularly in 144 countries where it is considered invasive, efforts are being made to biotechnologically reform the fish to address these concerns. The fish is farmed in controlled circuits and has nutritional benefits. In Iran, the fish was introduced in 2007 and was initially met with opposition but is now farmed in various provinces, with the potential to increase production and bring benefits such as increased farmer income, improved water productivity, and diversifying the country's protein source.