Vietnam has seen a mixed performance in its pepper exports, with a decrease in volume but an increase in value compared to the same period last year. The average export price for both black and white pepper has also increased. The US was the largest importer, followed by Italy, Germany, and Russia, with significant increases in exports to these markets. However, Vietnam's pepper production is estimated to decrease by 10% this year, and the supply from other major producing countries is also expected to decline.