2022 was a year of price fluctuations but overall, beef farmers in Ireland saw an increase in prices, with quotes reaching over €5.35/kg in May and recovering to €4.95/kg by the end of the year. The upward trend in cattle prices is expected to continue into 2023 due to predicted scarce supplies of finished cattle. However, the increase in prices did not fully compensate for the rising input costs such as feed, fertiliser, and energy for the farmers. The total cattle throughput is projected to increase by 8% in 2022, and the trend of younger and lighter cattle processing is expected to persist in 2023, further impacting beef production levels.