The number of dairy cows and ewes in Poland has decreased in 2022, leading to a drop in purchased milk. The European Union continues to experience a decline in milk volume, although production has risen in several countries. The average purchase price of milk in the EU has increased, but the price of raw cow's milk in Italy remains stable. The European Dairy Board is advocating for energy price caps to offset production costs and other challenges such as drought, shortage of fodder and fertilizers, and the closure of milk processing plants.