The Zimbabwean dairy industry is facing a sustainability crisis due to high operating costs, which account for 70% of total expenses and are primarily driven by feed stock, labor, and power costs. These high production costs have made local dairy products uncompetitive, leading to the import of cheap dairy products from neighboring countries, especially South Africa. The cost of milk production in Zimbabwe is significantly higher than in other regional countries, averaging US$0.60 per litre compared to the regional average of US$0.40-0.50 per litre. In an effort to improve milk production and competitiveness, the Zimbabwe Association of Dairy Farmers (ZADF) has launched a nationwide artificial insemination initiative in collaboration with development partners like We Effect. Despite the challenges posed by the El Niño-induced drought, Zimbabwe experienced a 9% increase in milk production in 2023 and a 21% increase in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the previous year.